Verbal Behavior Skinner Pdf Free Download
The language literature contains many citations to Skinner's book Verbal Behavior (1957), however, most of them are negative and generally unsupportive. The current list of references was assembled to bring readers in contact with the growing body of literature which supports Skinner's work. A total of 136 references were found and divided into two categories, (1) conceptual, and (2) experimental and applied. These references are presented in an effort to stimulate additional research in this important aspect of behavior analysis.
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The
Analysis
of
Verbal
Behavior
1982,
1,
9-13
Skinner's
Verbal
Behavior:
A
Reference
List
Mark
L.
Sundberg
and
James
W.
Partington
Regional
Center
of
the
East
Bay
Oakland,
CA
The
language
literature
contains
many
citations
to
Skinner's
book
Verbal
Behavior
(1957),
however,
most
of
them
are
negative
and
generally
unsupportive.
The
current
list
of
references
was
assembled
to
bring
readers
in
contact
with
the
growing
body
of
literature
which
supports
Skinner's
work.
A
total
of
136
references
were
found
and
divided
into
two
categories,
(1)
conceptual,
and
(2)
experimental
and
applied.
These
references
are
presented
in
an
effort
to
stimulate
additional
research
in
this
important
aspect
of
behavior
analysis.
Skinner's
book
Verbal
Behavior
(1957)
has
been
available
for
25
years,
yet
relatively
little
use
has
been
made
of
the
analysis
or
con-
cepts
contained
in
that
book.
The
literature
on
language
does
contain
many
citations
to
the
book,
but
most
of
them
are
negative
and
unsupportive
of
Skinner's
work.
Many
of
these
negative
references
can
be
traced
back
to
Chomsky's
(1959)
widely
cited
review
of
Verbal
Behavior.
Neisser
(1967),
for
example,
writes
"Chomsky's
32
page
review
of
Verbal
Behavior
is
far
more
than
effective
refutation
of
the
behavioristic
approach
to
language"
(p.
246).
Unfortunately,
the
number
of
negative
citations
seems
to
outweigh
the
number
of
positive
citations,
and
as
Richelle
(1976)
has
pointed
out,
many
have
simply
dispensed
with
reading
the
book
or
related
work.
However,
many
people
have
read
Skin-
ner's
book
and
found
it
to
be
an
outstanding
treatment
of
the
topic
of
language.
Some
of
these
people
have
carried
on
Skinner's
work
with
further
analyses,
and/or
with
empirical
research
and
applications.
The
following
col-
lection
of
references
was
assembled
to
pro-
vide
the
reader
with
a
list
of
some
of
that
work.
There
are
two
categories
of
references
included,
(1)
conceptual,
and
(2)
experimen-
tal
and
applied.
The
criterion
used
for
indu-
sion
of
conceptual
material
was
that
the
paper
contained
a
positive
or
constructive
discussion
or
development
of
some
aspect
of
Skinner's
Verbal
Behavior.
Other
sources
which
were
negative
or
anti-behavioral
were
excluded
due
to
general
misconceptions,
or
due
to
a
lack
of
a
thorough
analysis
of
the
relevant
issues.
Also,
citing
every
article
that
criticizes
Verbal
Behavior
would
take
up
too
much
space
and
not
contribute
much
to
the
development
of
the
behavioral
analysis
of
language.
Chomsky
(1959)
and
Place
(1981a,
1981b)
are
exceptions.
They
are
included
to
provide
the
reader
with
a
sample
of
how
the
book
is
typically
misinterpreted.
Experimental
and
applied
research
on
Skinner's
analysis
of
verbal
behavior
was
a
little
more
difficult
to
compile.
The
literature
(especially
the
applied)
contains
many
studies
which
adhere
to
the
"behavioral
view
of
language"
but
in
a
review
of
JABA
and
related
publications
Knapp
(1980)
concludes:
for
the
most
part
this
line
of
research
ignores
the
written
work
Verbal
Behavior
and
on
one
occasion
approaches
dismissal
by
referring
to
Verbal
Behavior
as
theory,
placing
it
in
the
category
of
Chomsky's
and
Lenneberg's
work.
I
get
the
feel-
ing
that
as
valuable,
and
on
occasion
as
relevant
as
this
line
of
research
is,
it
most
likely
would
have
occurred
given
only
The
Behavior
of
Organisms
(p.
190).
Much
of
the
applied
work
does
indeed
use
behavioral
principles
and
procedures
to
study
language,
but
as
Knapp
points
out,
they
fail
to
make
use
of
a
behavioral
analysis
of
the
contingencies
involved
for
the
indi-
vidual
speaker.
Hence,
behavioral
methods
are
often
used
to
study
traditional
linguistic
concepts
which
are
often
irrelevant
from
Skinner's
point
of
view.
The
criteria
for
inclusion
in
the
research
section
were
(1)
the
paper
referenced
Skin-
ner
(1957),
and
(2)
some
aspect
of
the
paper
centered
around
the
investigation
or
applica-
tion
of
a
feature
of
Skinner's
book
(e.g.,
the
functional
independence
of
the
mand
and
the
tact;
teaching
an
intraverbal
repertoire).
9
10
MARK
L.
SUNDBERG
AND
JAMES
W.
PARTINGTON
A
review
of
the
14
volumes
of
JABA
turned
up
16
papers
which
cited
the
1957
text
but
only
8
made
some
use
of
the
analysis
in
their
study.
(One
article
contained
the
1957
reference
in
the
bibliography
but
it
failed
to
appear
anywhere
in
the
text.)
Other
sources
were
also
checked,
but
the
ABA
program
books
and
the
authors'
collection
of
papers
and
reprints
from
other
researchers
provided
many
of
the
citations.
We
would
like
to
emphasize
that
this
reference
list
be
viewed
as
a
beginning
to
the
collection
of
work
on
Skinner's
Verbal
Behavior,
and
hope
that
this
collection
will
offset
the
overwhelming
presence
of
negative
literature,
as
well
as
stimulate
addi-
tional
research
in
this
very important
aspect
of
behavior
analysis.
CONCEPTUAL
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11
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M.
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... Certainly the terminological revision satisfied Jack's (probably mild) unease with what he considered an insufficient mechanism to classify particular verbal operant relations involving sign language. But this clarification and its forerunners via university lectures and other presentations (e.g., Sundberg, Michael, & Peterson, 1977; also see Sundberg & Partington, 1982 surely served to enhance the design and analysis of applied programs that incorporated signed responses as the dependent variable form to teach a wide variety of individuals with language deficits, (e.g., Braam & Poling, 1983;Hall & Sundberg, 1987;Stafford et al., 1988;Sundberg, 1983a). For additional discussions of critical program considerations influenced by Jack, see Sundberg (1980, and Sundberg and Partington (1998). ...
... Verbal Behav (2016) 32:275-323 301 The genesis of this interest in sign language vis-à-vis Skinner's (1957) analysis of verbal behavior, as well as applied work in the area of developmental disabilities, may have been his collaboration with University of Houston colleague, Lee Meyerson, a relationship that proved productive (see . The impact of Skinner's Verbal Behavior (1957) on Jack and on many of his students is chronicled in two important reference lists that highlight the body of work that ensued (see Sundberg & Partington, 1982; entries are catalogued according to "Conceptual," "Experimental," and "Applied" references). ...
"In the late 1950's, Jack Michael, a bright but irritating young psychology instructor, moved from the Universities of Kansas to Houston to Arizona State. Along the way he befriended two nontraditional students, protected them through their Ph.D. programs, and turned them loose on the world: Teodoro Ayllon…and Montrose Wolf…" (Risley, 2001, p. 267). So begins Risley's chapter on the origins of applied behavior analysis. For almost 50 years, Jack Michael provided a model for us to "talk like Skinner" and to analyze behavior as Skinner would. For this, he has been widely respected and revered. The purpose of this bibliography is to explain to new and familiar readers alike Jack's contributions to the field of behavior analysis in areas of his primary focus: (a) behavioral function taxonomy, (b) motivation, (c) reinforcement, (d) response topographies, (e) multiple control, (f) duplic and codic verbal behavior, and (g) teaching. Throughout, we weave his role in the field's history and his leadership in its expansion, as these have been additional areas of significant contributions. Above all, we wish to highlight Jack's work, in bibliographic and narrative form, in a way that expresses a heartfelt tribute on behalf of his students and others whom he influenced to learn about psychology as a natural science and to think and talk like Skinner.
... Over 60 years have passed since the publication of Verbal Behavior, and The Analysis of Verbal Behavior (TAVB) has been in existence for more than half of that time. A common task in the history of this journal has been to take stock-some of the first articles were reference lists (e.g., Sundberg & Partington, 1982, 1983, identifying publications and presentations that had used Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior, and charting the growth in those publications. Twenty years ago, TAVB partially dedicated a special issue considering the status and future of verbal behavior research, and the editorial team today has been asked to consider the same kinds of questions as we look ahead to the future: Where do we see the field moving over the next decade? ...
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![Siri Ming]()
As a member of the incoming editorial team, I have been asked to speak to the future of verbal behavior research and of The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, considering questions about the direction of the field, the future path of the journal, and the message I would have for the next generation of researchers. In considering these questions, I propose that we ground strategic decision-making processes in values of collaboration and inclusivity, toward valued outcomes that include diversity and innovation, which I see as necessary for improving both practice and conceptual understanding, the traditionally stated aims of this community.
... For example, our initial research on stimulus-stimulus pairing and automatic reinforcement was conducted at KVMC, fulfilling one of my PhD competency requirements (Sundberg, 1978b). (For a listing of several other studies conducted at KVMC and other WMU practicum sites, as well as other early VB presentations and publications, see Sundberg & Partington, 1982, 1983 Conducting VB Workshops Jack enjoyed teaching, and conducting VB workshops around the country provided him an opportunity to further disseminate behavior analysis and VB. In 1977, Jack and I were invited to Helena, Montana, where a few WMU students had acquired jobs. ...
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![Mark L Sundberg]()
Jack Michael offered a course on verbal behavior almost every year throughout his teaching career. Jack was also interested in the application of Skinner's work and in 1976 began to offer a graduate course at Western Michigan University titled Verbal Behavior Applications. Jack and his students pursued the application of Skinner's work on verbal behavior with dozens of empirical studies during the 1970s. In honor of the 60th anniversary of the publication of Skinner's book Verbal Behavior, the current paper presents some of my recollections of Jack's work on verbal behavior as his student, graduate teaching assistant, and research collaborator during that time period.
... Verbal behavior is a theoretical perspective focused on a behavioral, or functional, classification of language that operates on the idea that language develops under the same behavioral principles as other non-verbal behaviors (e.g., grasping, crawling, walking). Thus, language is a learned behavior that involves social interaction between a speaker and a listener who reinforces the spoken language (Skinner 1957;Sundberg and Partington 1982). This assessment and curriculum guide has three levels, with a variety of skills itemized per domain for each level. ...
The extant literature on social communication interventions for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been well reviewed. However, current reviews of the literature indicate more research is needed on advanced social skills for young children with ASD. These more complex social skills, such as sustaining a conversation, showing empathy, or telling a joke, are critical for peer acceptance in the elementary school years. In the current paper, we reviewed the existing single-case literature on social communication interventions for advanced social skills for young (4–12-year-old) children with ASD. We define advanced social skills using the task analysis of the Social Behavior and Social Play—Level 3 subsection of the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VB-MAPP). Electronic database searches of Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Academic Search Premier, and PsycINFO were conducted. Results revealed a library of useful interventions for a specific set of social communication skills; however, some crucial skills for children with ASD were missing from the results. Directions for future research and practice are discussed.
... Most of these studies were theses and dissertations supervised by Jack Michael, and were presented at the MABA/ABA conventions during that time period. A listing of many of these studies can be found in the journal The Analysis of Verbal Behavior (Sundberg & Partington, 1982, 1983. The "Lovaas method" was clearly more popular than VB, but VB has existed all along. ...
Presents an interview with the experts on the topics related to the verbal behavior and its application to individuals with autism.
... Last year Sundberg and Partington (1982) presented a list of 136 references relevant to Skinner's book Verbal Behavior. Since that time a substantial number of new references have become available. ...
- Vicki L. Lee
This paper offers some comments about the subject matter of Skinner's book Verbal Behavior (1957). It first presents an argument against the common misconception that Verbal Behavior is about language. It then discusses the nature of verbal behavior as a subdivision of operant behavior. Following that, the paper identifies three aspects of the concept of verbal behavior that need some clarification. Finally, the paper concludes by pointing out that the significance of Verbal Behavior lies most centrally in its effort to offer a better way of talking about one part of psychology's subject matter.
- Adair McPherson
- Marilyn Bonem
- Gina Green
- J. Grayson Osborne
The influence of Skinner's Verbal Behavior on the generation of verbal behavior research was examined in a citation analysis that counted the citations of the book from January 1957 to August 1983 and described the fields in which the citations occurred. In a subsequent content analysis, citations were classified as directly influenced by the book if they selected at least one of Skinner's classes of verbal behavior for empirical examination. Directly influenced citations were sorted as descriptive, applied, or basic. The total number of citations of the book (836), the increasing annual number of citations, and the range of fields in which the book has been cited are evidence of its broad influence. However, empirical investigations employing at least one of Skinner's classes of verbal behavior are only a small proportion (31/836) of the citations. Of this small proportion an even smaller number constitutes experimental analyses (19/836). The small proportion of empirical studies suggests that Verbal Behavior is primarily cited for reasons other than as source material for research hypotheses in the study of verbal behavior. Some speculations are offered to account for the book's limited influence on research.
The present study undertook an updated citation analysis of Skinner's (1957)Verbal Behavior. All articles that cited Verbal Behavior between 1984 and 2004 were recorded and content analyzed into one of five categories; four empirical and one nonempirical. Of the empirical categories, studies that employed a verbal operant from Skinner's analysis were assigned to either basic, applied, or observational categories. Empirical studies that did not employ a verbal operant were categorized as other-empirical. The total number of citations remained stable across the review period and averaged just over 52 per year. Of these, 80% were from nonempirical articles, 13.7% were from other-empirical articles, 4% were from applied articles, 1.4% were from basic articles, and 0.9% were from observational articles. An "obliteration" analysis was also conducted to identify articles that employed Skinner's verbal operant terms but did not cite Verbal Behavior. This analysis identified 44 additional articles, suggesting that a degree of obliteration had occurred in the half century since the publication of Verbal Behavior. In particular, the analysis suggests that the verbal operant of manding has sufficient presence in the applied empirical literature to render citation of Verbal Behavior redundant. Overall, Verbal Behavior continues to make an important contribution to the psychological literature.
This paper introduces the nature and practice of bibliography (e.g., definition, history, and genres); it reviews the extant B. F. Skinner bibliographies (1958 to 2001); and it describes the methods used in constructing a new, comprehensive, and corrected bibliography of Skinner's primary-source published works. The bibliography includes 291 items from across 16 categories of publications (e.g., books, articles, chapters, monographs, book reviews, manuals, encyclopedia entries, letters to the editor) and lists them in chronological order (1930 to 1999). A discussion section addresses the bibliography's limitations, how it might be enlarged and expanded, its value for qualitative and quantitative historical inquiry, and the beginnings of a "Skinner industry."
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Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224933339_Skinner's_Verbal_Behavior_A_Reference_List
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